Lesi yisihloko sesithathu nesokugcina ochungechungeni olunezingxenye ezintathu. Isihloko sokuqala sichaze ukupakishwa kwezokuthutha okusetshenziswa kabusha kanye nendima yako ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka, isihloko sesibili sichaze izinzuzo zezomnotho nezemvelo zokupakishwa kwezokuthutha okusetshenziswa kabusha, futhi lesi sihloko sokugcina sinikeza imingcele namathuluzi athile ukusiza abafundi ukuthi banqume ukuthi kuyazuzisa yini ukushintsha konke noma okunye kokupakishwa kwezokuthutha kwenkampani okusetshenziswa kanye noma okulinganiselwe kube uhlelo lokupakishwa kwezokuthutha olusetshenziswa kabusha.
Uma ucabanga ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokupakisha izinto zokuhamba olungasetshenziswa kabusha, izinhlangano kumele zibheke yonke indlela izindleko zezinhlelo zomnotho nezemvelo ukuze zilinganise umthelela ongaba khona. Esigabeni sokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza, kunezindawo eziningana lapho ukonga izindleko kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuhloleni ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kabusha kuyindlela ekhangayo noma cha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqhathanisa ukushintshaniswa kwezinto (ukusetshenziswa okukodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokusetshenziswa okuningi), ukonga abasebenzi, ukonga ezokuthutha, izinkinga zomonakalo womkhiqizo, izinkinga zokuphepha kwe-ergonomic/kwabasebenzi kanye nezinye izindawo ezimbalwa ezinkulu zokonga.
Ngokuvamile, izici eziningana zinquma ukuthi kungaba wusizo yini ukushintsha konke noma okunye kokupakisha kwezokuthutha kwenkampani okusetshenziswa kanye noma okulinganiselwe kube uhlelo lokupakisha ezokuthutha olungasetshenziswa kabusha, okuhlanganisa:
Uhlelo lokuthumela oluvulekile noma olulawulwayo oluvaliwe: Uma ukupakisha okungasetshenziswa kabusha kokuthutha sekuthunyelwe endaweni yakho yokugcina futhi okuqukethwe sekususiwe, izingxenye zokupakisha ezingenalutho zokuthutha ziyaqoqwa, zihlelwe ngezigaba, bese zibuyiselwa ngaphandle kwesikhathi esiningi nezindleko. Ukuthutha okuphambene—noma uhambo lokubuyela emuva lwezingxenye zokupakisha ezingenalutho—kumele kuphindwe ohlelweni lokuthumela oluvulekile noma oluphethwe ngendlela evaliwe.
Ukugeleza kwemikhiqizo ehambisanayo ngobuningi obukhulu: Uhlelo lokupakisha olusetshenziswa kabusha kulula ukuluthethelela, ukulunakekela, nokusebenza uma kukhona ukugeleza kwemikhiqizo ehambisanayo ngobuningi obukhulu. Uma kuthunyelwa imikhiqizo embalwa, ukonga okungenzeka kwezindleko zokupakisha okungasetshenziswa kabusha kungase kuncishiswe isikhathi nezindleko zokulandelela izingxenye zokupakisha ezingenalutho kanye nokuthutha okuphambene. Ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemvamisa yokuthumela noma izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ethunyelwayo kungenza kube nzima ukuhlela ngokunembile inombolo efanele, usayizi, kanye nohlobo lwezingxenye zokupakisha zokuhamba.
Imikhiqizo emikhulu noma emikhulu noma leyo eyonakala kalula: Lezi zilungele ukupakishwa kwezinto zokuthutha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha. Imikhiqizo emikhulu idinga izitsha ezinkulu, ezibizayo kanye noma ezisetshenziswa kancane, ngakho-ke amathuba okonga izindleko zesikhathi eside ngokushintshela ekupakishweni kwezinto zokuthutha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha mahle kakhulu.
Abahlinzeki noma amakhasimende aqoqwe ndawonye eduze komunye nomunye: Lokhu kwenza abantu abangase babe nethuba lokonga izindleko zokupakisha izinto zokuhamba ezingasetshenziswa kabusha. Amandla okusetha “izindawo zokuphuza ubisi” (imizila yamaloli amancane, yansuku zonke) kanye nezikhungo zokuhlanganisa (amadoko okulayisha asetshenziselwa ukuhlunga, ukuhlanza, kanye nokubeka izingxenye zokupakisha izinto zokuhamba ezisetshenziswa kabusha) kudala amathuba amakhulu okonga izindleko.
Imithwalo engenayo ingathathwa futhi ihlanganiswe ukuze ithunyelwe ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezibangela amazinga aphezulu okusetshenziswa kabusha, okuhlanganisa:
· Ubuningi obukhulu bemfucuza eqinile
· Ukuncipha njalo noma umonakalo womkhiqizo
· Ukupakisha okubizayo okungabizi noma izindleko zokupakisha eziphindaphindwayo zokusetshenziswa kanye kuphela
· Indawo yama-trailer engasetshenziswa kahle kwezokuthutha
· Indawo yokugcina/yokugcina impahla engafanele
· Izinkinga zokuphepha kwabasebenzi noma ze-ergonomic
· Isidingo esikhulu sokuhlanzeka/ukuhlanzeka
· Isidingo sokuhlanganiswa
· Uhambo oluvamile
Ngokuvamile, inkampani kufanele icabangele ukushintshela ekupakisheni kwezokuthutha okungasetshenziswa kabusha lapho kuzobiza kancane kunokupakisha kwezokuthutha okusetshenziswa kanye noma okulinganiselwe, futhi lapho izama ukufinyelela imigomo yokuzinza ebekelwe inhlangano yayo. Izinyathelo eziyisithupha ezilandelayo zizosiza izinkampani ukuthi zinqume ukuthi ukupakisha kwezokuthutha okungasetshenziswa kabusha kunganezela inzuzo yini enzuzweni yazo.
1. Khomba imikhiqizo engaba khona
Yakha uhlu lwemikhiqizo evame ukuthunyelwa ngobuningi kanye/noma ehambisana nohlobo, usayizi, ukuma kanye nesisindo.
2. Linganisela izindleko zokupakisha zesikhathi esisodwa nezinokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe
Linganisela izindleko zamanje zokusebenzisa ama-pallet namabhokisi asetshenziswa kanye kuphela futhi angasetshenziswa ngokulinganiselwe. Faka izindleko zokuthenga, ukugcina, ukuphatha nokulahla ukupakisha kanye nezindleko ezengeziwe zanoma yimiphi imikhawulo yokuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi.
3. Yakha umbiko wendawo
Yakha umbiko wendawo ngokukhomba izindawo zokuthumela nokulethwa. Hlola ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokuhlanganisa ubisi zansuku zonke kanye nezangesonto (amadoko okulayisha asetshenziselwa ukuhlunga, ukuhlanza nokubeka izingxenye zokupakisha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha). Cabanga futhi ngochungechunge lokunikezela; kungenzeka kube lula ukuthuthela ezintweni ezingasetshenziswa kabusha nabaphakeli.
4. Buyekeza izinketho zokupakisha nezokuthutha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha kanye nezindleko
Buyekeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokupakisha zokuthutha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha ezitholakalayo kanye nezindleko zokuzihambisa ngochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Phenya izindleko kanye nesikhathi sokuphila (inani lemijikelezo yokusetshenziswa kabusha) kwezingxenye zokupakisha zokuthutha ezingasetshenziswa kabusha.
5. Linganisela izindleko ze-reverse logistics
Ngokusekelwe kumaphuzu okuthumela nokulethwa ahlonzwe embikweni wezwe owakhiwe kuSigaba 3, linganisa izindleko zokuthutha okuphambene ohlelweni lokuthumela oluvulekile noma oluphethwe.
Uma inkampani ikhetha ukungazinikeli izinsiza zayo ekuphatheni izinto ezishintshayo, ingathola usizo lwenkampani yokuphatha ukuqoqana kwezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze iphathe yonke noma ingxenye yenqubo yezinto ezishintshayo.
6. Yakha ukuqhathanisa izindleko zokuqala
Ngokusekelwe olwazini oluqoqwe ezinyathelweni zangaphambilini, thuthukisa ukuqhathanisa kwezindleko zokuqala phakathi kokupakisha kokuthutha okusetshenziswa kanye noma okulinganiselwe kanye nokungasetshenziswa kabusha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqhathanisa izindleko zamanje ezivezwe kuSinyathelo 2 nesamba salokhu okulandelayo:
– Izindleko zenani kanye nohlobo lwephakheji yokuthutha engasetshenziswa kabusha ecwaningwe kuSigaba 4
– Izindleko ezilinganisiwe zokuthutha okuphambene nesinyathelo sesi-5.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu konga okulinganiselwe, ukupakisha okungasetshenziswa kabusha kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kunciphisa izindleko ngezinye izindlela, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa umonakalo womkhiqizo obangelwa izitsha ezinephutha, ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nokulimala, ukunciphisa isikhala esidingekayo sempahla, kanye nokwandisa umkhiqizo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abashayeli bakho bangomnotho noma bangokwezemvelo, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi ukufaka amaphakheji angasetshenziswa kabusha ochungechungeni lwakho lokuhlinzeka kuzoba nomthelela omuhle emalini yenkampani yakho kanye nakwezemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-10-2021